Bengal Quince

Tree

Bengal Quince

Limonia acidissima

Also known as: Wood Apple, Elephant Apple

Tree Rutaceae EdibleMedicinalWildlife AttractorShade ProviderOrnamental
Hardiness Zone
10-11
Ideal Temp
70–95°F
Survives Down To
30°F
Life Cycle
Perennial

Bengal quince here refers to wood apple or elephant apple (Limonia acidissima), a thorny deciduous tree of South and Southeast Asia bearing hard-shelled, aromatic fruit with sticky brown pulp used in drinks, chutneys, and traditional medicine where appropriate. It is taxonomically separate from bael (Aegle marmelos) despite overlapping common names in older literature. Trees can reach 30–50 feet (9–15 m) with compound leaves and a rough, fissured trunk; the canopy is relatively open, allowing some undergrowth during wet season growth pulses. ☀️💧 Sun and Water Requirements: Full sun for flowering and fruiting; tolerates hot lowland climates with a pronounced dry season. Prefers deep, well-drained soils; drought-deciduous behavior is normal where irrigation is absent. Young plants need protection from hard frost; mature trees handle brief cool spells in marginal subtropical sites better than tropical understory herbs. ✂️ Propagation: Sow fresh seed; germination can be slow and irregular—scarify carefully following regional practice. Budding onto seedling rootstocks captures superior pulp types. Air-layer selected limbs during warm, humid weather for clonal copies. 🌾 Harvest / Best Use Timing: Fruit is typically used when mature but still firm for processing; pulp is scooped, strained, and sweetened. Fallen fruit ferments fast—collect on a schedule, not when you remember after three coffee refills.

Good Neighbors
  • Turmeric — shade-tolerant rhizome crop along the north edge with heavy mulch
  • Lemongrass — aromatic clump marks paths outside the thorny dripline
  • Papaya — uses light gaps while wood apple slowly expands its scaffold
Cautions
  • Thorns — young branches are sharply armed; plan pruning access and paths before trees mature
  • Name confusion — do not assume this is bael (Aegle marmelos); recipes and rootstocks differ
Known Threats — Organic Solutions Only
Aphids
Aphidoidea
Asian Citrus Psyllid
Diaphorina citri
Broad Mite
Polyphagotarsonemus latus
Brown Citrus Aphid
Toxoptera citricida
Citrus Canker
Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri
Citrus Greening
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus
Citrus Leafminer
Phyllocnistis citrella
Citrus Mealybug
Planococcus citri
Citrus Red Mite
Panonychus citri
Citrus Root Weevil
Pachnaeus litus
Citrus Rust Mite
Phyllocoptruta oleivora
Citrus Whitefly
Dialeurodes citri
Leaf Curl
Taphrina deformans
Oriental Fruit Fly
Bactrocera dorsalis
Rust Mite
Eriophyidae
Scale Insects
Coccoidea
Swallowtail Caterpillar
Papilio polyxenes
Texas Citrus Mite
Eutetranychus banksi