Perennial Basil

Herbaceous

Perennial Basil

Ocimum gratissimum

Also known as: African basil, Clove basil

HerbaceousShrub Lamiaceae EdibleMedicinalWildlife Attractor
Hardiness Zone
9-11
Ideal Temp
55–95°F
Survives Down To
28°F
Life Cycle
Perennial

Perennial basil here means the clove-scented shrubby Ocimum that survives where sweet basil goes to compost — woody base, strong aroma, bee traffic. subtropical and tropical Americas: often root-hardy in 9b with mulch; top freezes, crown sometimes laughs and resprouts. Not the same as sterile 'African Blue' pots on Pinterest. ☀️💧 Sun and Water Requirements: - Full sun for dense oils; part shade tolerable but stretches stems. - Well-drained fertile soil; drought-tolerant once established but basil-class flavor needs moisture. - Avoid boggy winter pots — roots rot when cold meets sogginess. ✂️ Methods to Propagate: - Cuttings: root softwood to semi-hardwood in warm months under humidity. - Seeds: start warm; variability in scent intensity — cull boring seedlings. - Division: split older crowns in spring when actively pushing.

Good Neighbors
  • Tomatoes
  • Peppers
  • Roselle
Cautions
  • Hard freeze on unmulched container plants
  • Confusing with true annual basils for timing and pruning
Known Threats — Organic Solutions Only
Aphids
Aphidoidea
Japanese Beetles
Popillia japonica
Whiteflies
Aleyrodidae