Alder

Tree

Alder

Alnus serrulata

Also known as: Hazel alder, Tag alder, Smooth alder

TreeShrub Betulaceae Nitrogen FixerWildlife AttractorErosion ControlMulcherWater Purifier
Hardiness Zone
4-9
Ideal Temp
35–92°F
Survives Down To
-30°F
Life Cycle
Perennial

Alder here is the Eastern riparian workhorse Alnus serrulata — a nitrogen-fixing birch relative that laughs at wet feet while feeding streambanks. Catkins look like fuzzy earrings; roots partner with Frankia bacteria so you can stop pretending only legumes fix N. In subtropical and tropical Americas it lines seeps, pond edges, and stormwater cuts where "ornamental turf" would drown or lie. Other Alnus species exist; match site to native range. ☀️💧 Sun and Water Requirements: - Full sun to light shade along wet edges. - Saturated to moist soils; tolerates seasonal flooding better than drought. - Not for dry sandhill unless you enjoy watching sticks die. ✂️ Methods to Propagate: - Seeds: needs moisture stratification; sow in wet media. - Hardwood cuttings: treated cuttings in humid conditions for some species; seed easier for serrulata in restoration contexts.

Good Neighbors
  • Willow
  • Elderberry
  • Swamp sunflower
Cautions
  • Roof drip lines on dry berms
  • Planting as a street tree under power lines without space
Known Threats — Organic Solutions Only
Aphids
Aphidoidea
Caterpillars
Lepidoptera Larvae
Japanese Beetles
Popillia japonica